ALTER_ROLE - change a database role
ALTER ROLE role_specification [ WITH ] option [ ... ]
where option can be:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| REPLICATION | NOREPLICATION
| BYPASSRLS | NOBYPASSRLS
| CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
| [ ENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD password | PASSWORD NULL
| VALID UNTIL timestamp
ALTER ROLE name RENAME TO new_name
ALTER ROLE { role_specification | ALL } [ IN DATABASE database_name ] SET configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | DEFAULT }
ALTER ROLE { role_specification | ALL } [ IN DATABASE database_name ] SET configuration_parameter FROM CURRENT
ALTER ROLE { role_specification | ALL } [ IN DATABASE database_name ] RESET configuration_parameter
ALTER ROLE { role_specification | ALL } [ IN DATABASE database_name ] RESET ALL
where role_specification can be:
role_name
| CURRENT_ROLE
| CURRENT_USER
| SESSION_USERALTER ROLE changes the attributes of a PostgreSQL role.
The first variant of this command listed in the synopsis can change many of the role attributes that can be specified in CREATE ROLE. (All the possible attributes are covered, except that there are no options for adding or removing memberships; use GRANT and REVOKE for that.) Attributes not mentioned in the command retain their previous settings. Database superusers can change any of these settings for any role. Roles having CREATEROLE privilege can change any of these settings except SUPERUSER, REPLICATION, and BYPASSRLS; but only for non-superuser and non-replication roles. Ordinary roles can only change their own password.
The second variant changes the name of the role. Database superusers can rename any role. Roles having CREATEROLE privilege can rename non-superuser roles. The current session user cannot be renamed. (Connect as a different user if you need to do that.) Because MD5-encrypted passwords use the role name as cryptographic salt, renaming a role clears its password if the password is MD5-encrypted.
The remaining variants change a roles session default for a configuration variable, either for all databases or, when the IN DATABASE clause is specified, only for sessions in the named database. If ALL is specified instead of a role name, this changes the setting for all roles. Using ALL with IN DATABASE is effectively the same as using the command ALTER DATABASE ... SET ....
Whenever the role subsequently starts a new session, the specified value becomes the session default, overriding whatever setting is present in postgresql.conf or has been received from the postgres command line. This only happens at login time; executing SET ROLE or SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION does not cause new configuration values to be set. Settings set for all databases are overridden by database-specific settings attached to a role. Settings for specific databases or specific roles override settings for all roles.
Superusers can change anyones session defaults. Roles having CREATEROLE privilege can change defaults for non-superuser roles. Ordinary roles can only set defaults for themselves. Certain configuration variables cannot be set this way, or can only be set if a superuser issues the command. Only superusers can change a setting for all roles in all databases.
name
The name of the role whose attributes are to be altered.
CURRENT_ROLE
CURRENT_USER
Alter the current user instead of an explicitly identified role.
SESSION_USER
Alter the current session user instead of an explicitly identified role.
SUPERUSER
NOSUPERUSER
CREATEDB
NOCREATEDB
CREATEROLE
NOCREATEROLE
INHERIT
NOINHERIT
LOGIN
NOLOGIN
REPLICATION
NOREPLICATION
BYPASSRLS
NOBYPASSRLS
CONNECTION LIMIT connlimit
[ ENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD password
PASSWORD NULL
VALID UNTIL timestamp
These clauses alter attributes originally set by CREATE ROLE. For more information, see the CREATE ROLE reference page.
new_name
The new name of the role.
database_name
The name of the database the configuration variable should be set in.
configuration_parameter
value
Set this roles session default for the specified configuration parameter to the given value. If value is DEFAULT or, equivalently, RESET is used, the role-specific variable setting is removed, so the role will inherit the system-wide default setting in new sessions. Use RESET ALL to clear all role-specific settings. SET FROM CURRENT saves the sessions current value of the parameter as the role-specific value. If IN DATABASE is specified, the configuration parameter is set or removed for the given role and database only.
Role-specific variable settings take effect only at login; SET ROLE and SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION do not process role-specific variable settings.
See SET(7) and Chapter 20 for more information about allowed parameter names and values.
Use CREATE ROLE to add new roles, and DROP ROLE to remove a role.
ALTER ROLE cannot change a roles memberships. Use GRANT and REVOKE to do that.
Caution must be exercised when specifying an unencrypted password with this command. The password will be transmitted to the server in cleartext, and it might also be logged in the clients command history or the server log. psql(1) contains a command \password that can be used to change a roles password without exposing the cleartext password.
It is also possible to tie a session default to a specific database rather than to a role; see ALTER DATABASE (ALTER_DATABASE(7)). If there is a conflict, database-role-specific settings override role-specific ones, which in turn override database-specific ones.
Change a roles password:
ALTER ROLE davide WITH PASSWORD hu8jmn3;
Remove a roles password:
ALTER ROLE davide WITH PASSWORD NULL;
Change a password expiration date, specifying that the password should expire at midday on 4th May 2015 using the time zone which is one hour ahead of UTC:
ALTER ROLE chris VALID UNTIL May 4 12:00:00 2015 +1;
Make a password valid forever:
ALTER ROLE fred VALID UNTIL infinity;
Give a role the ability to create other roles and new databases:
ALTER ROLE miriam CREATEROLE CREATEDB;
Give a role a non-default setting of the maintenance_work_mem parameter:
ALTER ROLE worker_bee SET maintenance_work_mem = 100000;
Give a role a non-default, database-specific setting of the client_min_messages parameter:
ALTER ROLE fred IN DATABASE devel SET client_min_messages = DEBUG;
The ALTER ROLE statement is a PostgreSQL extension.
CREATE ROLE (CREATE_ROLE(7)), DROP ROLE (DROP_ROLE(7)), ALTER DATABASE (ALTER_DATABASE(7)), SET(7)